Which option best defines an establishing operation?

• A. An abolishing operation due to over-exposure
• B. An establishing operation due to scarcity
• C. A stimulus that is aversive or non-preferred
• D. A reinforcer that loses value quickly

Answer: (B)

An establishing operation is a motivating operation that temporarily increases the reinforcing value of a stimulus, making the behavior that has previously produced access to that stimulus more likely. Scarcity or deprivation is a classic example: when a reinforcer is scarce, its value goes up in the moment, so you’re more motivated to engage in behaviors that have earned that reinforcer before.

An abolishing operation, by contrast, reduces the reinforcing value of the stimulus, which would tend to decrease the behavior. A stimulus that is aversive or non-preferred isn’t itself defining an establishing operation; it may function as an antecedent for avoidance or punishment depending on the context. A reinforcer that loses value quickly reflects satiation or habituation, not an establishing operation.